You’ve probably already come across these two familiar letters displayed at the entrance to public restrooms: WC. But what do they mean exactly? And why are they still used today, when we more often refer to them as “toilets,” “bathrooms,” or “sanitary facilities”?
Where does the term “WC” come from?
“WC” is an abbreviation for the English expression Water Closet , which literally means “water closet .” The term originally referred to a small, often cramped, enclosed room equipped with a bowl and a flushing system – an innovation in the 19th century.
With the development of modern plumbing, these “toilets” became the first indoor toilets in homes. The word then spread throughout Europe and remains common in France today, where it is perceived as more neutral or practical than “toilets.”
Why do we still use “WC”?
In public places—airports, restaurants, train stations, hotels—the abbreviation “WC” remains widely used because it is easily identifiable, even for foreign travelers. It functions almost as a universal language, just like pictograms representing a man or a woman.
Amusing cultural confusion
In some English-speaking countries, particularly the United States and Canada, the word bathroom is used to refer to the toilet, even when there is no bathtub. This custom sometimes raises a smile: “Why call it a bathroom if there is no bath ?”
Conversely, terms like restroom or lavatory are also used, even if they do not always correspond to the reality of the room.
A historical evolution
Until the end of the 19th century, most households still used outdoor latrines. The arrival of running water gradually allowed the installation of indoor toilets: initially separate from bathrooms, then grouped together in the same space for practical reasons.
Today, the distinction still exists in many homes: some have a bathroom with shower and sink, and a separate toilet.
So… what does “WC” mean?
Quite simply, “toilet .” But behind these two letters lies a rich history: the evolution of hygiene, cultural differences, and linguistic choices that still shape our daily lives.
And you, what do you call this essential room? Toilet, bathroom, small corner, WC… It doesn’t matter what the word is, as long as it’s clear – and the place stays clean!
